How to classify solid rivets?

Solid rivets are one of the oldest and most reliable types of fasteners, having been found in archaeological findings dating back to the Bronze Age. Solid rivets consist simply of a shaft and head which are deformed with a hammer or rivet gun. The use of a rivet compression or crimping tool can also be used to deform this type of rivet; this tool is mainly used on rivets close to the edge of the fastened material, since the tool is limited by the depth of its frame. A rivet compression tool does not require two people and is generally the most foolproof way to install solid rivets.

Solid rivets are used in applications where reliability and safety count. A typical application for solid rivets can be found within the structural parts of aircraft. Hundreds of thousands of solid rivets are used to assemble the frame of a modern aircraft. Such rivets come with rounded (universal) or 100° countersunk heads. Typical materials for aircraft rivets are aluminium alloys (2017, 2024, 2117, 7050, 5056, 55000, V-65), titanium, and nickel-based alloys (e.g. Monel). Some aluminum alloy rivets are too hard to buck and must be softened by annealing prior to being bucked. "Ice box" aluminum alloy rivets harden with age, and must likewise be annealed and then kept at sub-freezing temperatures (hence the name "ice box") to slow the age-hardening process. Steel rivets can be found in static structures such as bridges, cranes, and building frames.

Solid rivets can be divided into different categories according to the head. The common styles include round head solid rivets, flat head solid rivets, countersunk head solid rivets, mushroom head solid rivets, truss head solid rivets and universal head solid rivets.Various materials can be suited for solid rivets, such as aluminum, stainless steel, steel, brass, copper.

Type	Countersunk Head Solid Rivets	Flat Head Solid Rivets	Pan Head Solid Rivets
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Type	Round Head Solid Rivets	Truss Head Solid Rivets	Universal Head Solid Rivets
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